TY  - BOOK
AU  - Roubinov,Danielle S.
AU  - Epel,Elissa S.
AU  - Adler,Nancy E.
AU  - Laraia,Barbara A.
AU  - Bush,Nicole R.
TI  - Transactions between maternal and child depressive symptoms emerge early in life
PY  - 2022///
KW  - Text
KW  - local
N1  - /pmc/articles/PMC7044043; /pubmed/31453717
N2  - OBJECTIVE: Maternal depression is a robust risk factor for children's internalizing symptoms, however the intergenerational transmission of mood disorders is likely more complex than unidirectional, parent-directed effects. Theoretical models support transactional associations between maternal and child symptomatology over time, but have not been well examined, especially in younger, high-risk samples. The present investigation examined predictive transactional relations between maternal depression and children's internalizing in toddlerhood and early childhood using a cross-lagged panel model. METHOD: Participants were 162 low-income, largely racial/ethnic minority mothers and their offspring (32% African American, 16% White, 52% Multiethnic/Other; 53% female) who were assessed when children were 18 months and 4 years old. RESULTS: There were significant cross-sectional relations between maternal depressive and child internalizing symptoms when children were 18 months, but not 4 years of age. Cross-lagged associations were evident such that maternal depression symptoms at 18 months were positively associated with internalizing symptoms among children at 4 years, adjusting for prior maternal symptom levels and the cross-sectional correlations between maternal-child symptoms at 18 months. Within the same model, children's internalizing symptoms at 18 months were also positively associated with maternal depressive symptoms at 4 years, adjusting for prior child symptom levels and cross-sectional correlations. CONCLUSIONS: This study is among the first to demonstrate that transactional relations between maternal and child mood symptoms occur as early as toddlerhood/early childhood. Findings highlight the potential utility of inclusive, family-focused interventions that support both parents and children in the treatment of early emotional problems
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2019.1644649
ER  -